Neurophysiology

CagatayandAsli
Cagatay Aydin, Electrophysiology expert and Asli Ayaz, Neuroimaging expert

Neurophysiology

Our Center's Neurophysiology Expertise Unit facilitates state-of-the-art neurophysiology (neuroimaging and electrophysiology) experiments, from in vivo neural activity measurements to circuit manipulation in a wide range of behavioral settings. We bring together the extensive expertise make it available to the local and international neuroscience community through collaborative projects.​ Additionally, the unit coordinates a Neuroengineering workshop.

The Neurophysiology Unit is headed by Cagatay Aydin (cagatay.aydin@vib.be) and Asli Ayaz (asli.ayaz@vib.be).

In vivo electrophysiology

In vivo electrophysiology provides an unparalleled window into the brain's real-time electrical activity, offering critical insights into neural circuits and brain function. Our expertise unit specializes in cutting-edge Neuropixels probes and ECoG (electrocorticography) technology, enabling high-resolution recordings across large populations of neurons.

Neuropixels allows you to record hundreds of neurons simultaneously, offering unparalleled detail in understanding neural networks, while ECoG gives you broad, surface-level brain activity data across cortical regions. We work closely with you, offering personalized training, hands-on support, and expert guidance throughout your project. From initial setup to data analysis, we’re here to ensure you make the most of these advanced technologies, so you can focus on getting results in your research.

Neuropixels

Neuropixels enables recordings from 6144 channels in freely moving mice

We co-developed Neuropixels, a high-density silicon probe capable of recording thousands of individual neurons simultaneously with remarkable precision and reliability. By capturing neural activity at an unprecedented scale and resolution, Neuropixels enables researchers to unravel the intricate dynamics underlying brain function and behavior, paving the way for transformative discoveries in understanding neurological disorders, cognitive processes, and brain circuits.

 

We designed custom enclosures for single and double probe implants

Our custom accessories for mice enables us to recording ups to 70 days after implantation, ensuring stable and reliable long-term data collection. This setup minimizes interference with natural behavior, allowing for consistent and high-quality recordings

EcoG

Our flexible electrode array enables high spatial resolution and wide cortical coverage

We developed a micro-electrocorticography implant that overcomes the wiring bottleneck of electrode grids by incorporating metal oxide thin-film transistors into a flexible electrode array.

In vivo optical methods

Explore brain activity with precision using our in vivo optical methods. Investigate (sub)cellular activity or track cortex-wide neural populations with the help of our tools and expertise. 

With two-photon calcium imaging, you can see neurons in action with high spatial detail, and with spatially targeted optogenetics, you can control neural circuits precisely both in space and time. We’re here to support you at every stage—whether it's setting up the equipment, running experiments, or analyzing data—so you can stay focused on your research and get clear, reliable results. Let’s work together to make your next project a success.

Large-scale 2 Photon calcium imaging of (sub)cellular activity

Measure the activity of ~1000 neurons at 30 fps

With our new mesoscope, we simultaneously image multiple regions of interest within a 3 x 3 mm field of view, capturing neural dynamics with high spatial and temporal resolution. This technology allows you to track large-scale neural activity patterns across different brain areas in real-time.

Cortex-wide imaging of neural population activity

Imaging neural activity through an intact skull window

Use cortex-wide imaging of neural population activity to capture large-scale brain dynamics in real-time. Leverage imaging through an intact skull window to monitor neural activity across the entire cortex without invasive procedures, preserving normal brain function. 

Optical imaging in behaving mice

Employ optical imaging techniques in behaving mice to study how neural circuits operate during various tasks, linking specific neural patterns to behavior. This approach allows you to observe the coordination of neural populations across cortical regions, providing crucial insights into brain-wide activity and functional connectivity.

Spatially-targeted optogenetics

Simultaneous optogenetics & imaging

Combine optogenetics with real-time imaging to both manipulate and observe neural activity in living tissue. Use optogenetics to precisely control neuron firing while visualizing the immediate effects on neural circuits through techniques like calcium or voltage imaging. This dual approach allows you to directly link neural activation to functional outcomes, providing a powerful tool for studying dynamic brain processes with spatial and temporal precision.

Volumetric functional ultrasound imaging

How we can help

Gain a clearer view of brain activity with functional ultrasound imaging, a versatile technique that captures real-time blood flow and brain function. Whether you're exploring neural circuits or monitoring changes in brain activity, this approach provides information across the entire brain at high spatio-temporal resolution.

Applications
Large-scale imaging of stimulated activity, resting states, or dynamic brain circuit connectivity, as well as optogenetics for studying neural connections.

Animal model
Primarily used with awake, head-fixed or freely moving rodents, but also used in larger animals such as pigs, cats, and non-human primates, among others.

Resolution
Spatial resolution is 100 micrometers cubed, and the temporal resolution is 2 brain volumes per second.

Our chronic headpost system, combined with a specialized experimental rig, enables stable, long-term functional ultrasound imaging in awake, behaving animals. This setup ensures precise head fixation, reducing movement artifacts and allowing for accurate monitoring of brain activity over extended periods.

Multiple visualizations and data analysis

Which areas of the brain participate in the process or behavior of interest?

Neural circuit tracing and manipulation

Explore and manipulate brain networks with neural circuit tracing and manipulation techniques. Employ optogenetics or chemogenetics to precisely modulate neural activity, and confirm your results through histology.

Spatially targeted optogenetics

Employ spatially targeted optogenetics, utilizing Digital micromirror device (DMD), to precisely control neural activity in defined cortical regions of the brain. By activating or inhibiting specific neural populations with light, dissect their roles in behavior and neural circuit function.

Fiber-targeted optogenetics

Use fiber-targeted optogenetics to deliver light directly to specific brain regions or neural pathways via implanted optical fibers. Modulate neural activity in deep or difficult-to-reach areas with precision, enabling control over neuron firing patterns. Explore long-range neural connections to uncover their roles in coordinating complex behaviors and brain functions.

Chemogenetic manipulations

Use chemogenetic manipulations to selectively control neural activity with designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs). Activate or inhibit specific neurons by administering chemical ligands, providing long-lasting and reversible control over brain circuits. Leverage this technique to study neural pathways with high specificity, ideal for experiments requiring sustained modulation of neural activity without invasive stimulation.

Histology + NP Tracing

Combine histology with neural pathway tracing to obtain detailed post-experiment validation of neural circuits. Reveal the structural details of brain tissue through histological staining and map neural routes across the brain. Confirm functional circuit activity, validate experimental results, and gain a comprehensive understanding of brain network organization.

Blockface

Use blockface imaging to generate high-resolution, 3D reconstructions of brain tissue. Trace neural pathways with exceptional clarity and precision, gaining insights into the structural organization of neural circuits. Leverage this technique to validate in vivo experiments and understand how neurons are interconnected across different brain regions.

Rodent behavioral assays and monitoring

Investigate brain function through behavioral assays that encompass a wide range of activities. We can assist you in assessing sensory and motor behaviors, exploring innate and social interactions, or studying spatial navigation—each providing valuable insights into how the brain governs behavior. By linking neural activity to specific actions, these tools are essential for gaining a comprehensive understanding of both simple and complex behavioral patterns.

Sensory behaviors

Measure how rodents perceive and respond to their environment through various sensory modalities. Test visual, auditory, olfactory, and tactile responses to determine how sensory processing impacts neural circuits. These assays are critical for linking sensory input with specific neural pathways and behavioral outcomes.

Motor behaviors

Evaluate the coordination, strength, and agility of rodents in tasks requiring movement. Use these assays to analyze fine and gross motor skills, gaining insights into motor control, balance, and neural circuits involved in movement. Apply motor behavior studies to understand neurological disorders that affect motor functions.

Innate behaviors

Investigate innate behaviors, such as feeding, grooming, and defensive actions, to study how natural, instinctive responses are regulated by the brain. Use these assays to explore the neural mechanisms underlying survival-driven actions that occur without prior learning. This is essential for understanding fundamental brain functions related to instinctual behavior.

Social behaviors

Examine how rodents interact with others in group or pair settings. Analyze behaviors like aggression, cooperation, or social recognition to uncover the neural circuits driving social interactions. This is especially useful for studying conditions such as autism or social deficits in neuropsychiatric disorders.

Spatial navigation

Study how rodents orient themselves and navigate through space, measuring memory and learning associated with movement. Explore tasks such as maze navigation or spatial foraging to understand the brain regions and circuits involved in spatial memory and navigation. These assays are vital for research into cognitive processes and disorders affecting memory and orientation.

Neuroengineering

In our dedicated workshop, we design, create and build optical, electrical and mechanical instruments in collaboration with the research labs and expertise centers in support of experimental neuroscience research.

Our mission is to:

  • Provide innovative engineering solutions.
  • Develop customized solutions that meet specific requirements.
  • Integrate multiple disciplines, including optics, electronics, and automation.
  • Assist to setup and configure new devices.
  • Enable researchers to achieve their scientific goals.

Our Center collaborates with imec on microelectrode arrays (MEA) and other machine brain interfacing projects.

Anycubic Photon Mono X 6k

Resin 3D printer to create custom parts with a high resolution and quality of details.

It is mostly used for small pieces or pieces that require small details.

Resin colors available:

  • Black
  • Gray
  • Transparent

Other colors can be ordered if needed.

FDM 3D printers

Filament 3D printer, used for bigger pieces pieces that don’t need a high resolution.

Colors available:

  • Black
  • White

Other colors can be ordered if needed.

Nomad 3

Nomad3

CNC machine to create custom parts made of plastics with specific characteristics, wood or metals.

Materials available:

  • Aluminum
  • HMPE
  • PE
  • PMMA (acrylic)
  • POM
  • PTFE

For other materials, please contact us.